Words - House

You can learn Korean at your finger tips on my blog!!


House : 집(jip)

문 [mun] : a door
티비 [tivi] : a TV
전화기[jeonwhagi] : a telephone
휴대폰 [hyudaepon] : a cellphone
탁자 [takja] : a table
의자 [uija] : a chair
책상 [chaeksang] : a desk
책 [chaek] : a book
냉장고[naengjanggo] : a refrigerator
전자레인지 [jeonjarange] : a micro oven.
침대 [chimdae] : a bed
소파[sopa] : sofa
박스[baksu] : box
이불[yibul] : linen
베개[begae] : a pillow
창문[changmun] : window
유리[youli] : glass
컵 [keop] : a cup
유리컵 : a cup made of class
안경[angyung] : glasses
옷장 [otjang] : a closet



"이것/저것/그것은 OOO입니당."
This/That/It is OOO.

You can put those words in the form of the sentence.


----------------------
#. Read these sentences.

1. 이것은 책상입니당.
2. 그것은 침대입니당.
3. 저것은 탁자입니당.
4. 저것은 냉장고입니당.
5. 이것은 베개입니당.

My name is...

Hello. I'm here as usual. Today's expression is "My name is."

I will give a dialogue. If you know how to read Korean, you can learn easily.

------------
류 : 안녕하세요? (ah nyung ha se yo?)

Ciara : 안녕하십니까? (an nyung ha sip ni gga?)

류 : 만나서 반갑습니당. 제 이름은 류입니당. (man na seo bangapsupnida. Je yirumun Ryu ipnida.)

Ciara : 네. 저도 반갑습니당. 제 이름은 씨에라입니당.
(Ne. Jeodo bangapsupnida. Je yirumun Ciara yipnida.)

-------------

Ryu : Hello?
Ciara : Hello?
Ryu : Nice to meet you. My name is Ryu.
Ciara : Ah~ Nice to meet you, too. I'm Ciara.

---------------


# Expressions
Hello = 안녕하십니까 = 안녕하세요 = 안녕
Nice to meet you = 만나서 반갑습니당. = 반갑습니당.
My name is OOO = 제 이름은 OOO 입니당.

# Words
meet = 만나당.
my = 저의 = 제 = 나의
name = 이름
is = 입니당.

# Grammar
만나서 is meant to show your reason that you did or have done.
English word order is subjective, verb, and objective. In Korean, however, the word order is subjective, objective, and verb. (Eng : S+V+O, Kor : S+O+V)

-----------------------------
#. BONUS!!!

I will put this sentence "This is a bag."
"a bag" is said "가방[gabang]" in Korean.
"This" is said "이것은" as well.

Analyze the sentence "This is a bag. "
이것은 (This) - Subjective
입니당 (is) - Verb
가방 (a bag) - Objective

As I wrote, Korean order is subjective, objectictive, and verb. Thus!!
you should think like this.
(this) - (a bag) - (is). = (이것은) (가방) (입니당.)


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# More~

Now, you know "this" is "이것은". How do korean say "that" and "it"?

- this = 이것은 [yigussun]
- that = 저것은 [geogussun]
- it = 그것은 [gugussun]

Now you can change the sentence "this is a bag" to "that is a bag" or "it is a bag."

---------------------------

# Excercise. Change the sentences to Korean.

1. That is a book. (a book = 책[chaeck])
_________________________

2. This is my dog. (a dog = 개[gae])
_________________________

3. It is a car. (a car = 차[cha])
_________________________

Some Words from other languages

There is a ton of Korean words from English. Usually, north Korean language has tendency to create its own vocabulary when foreign words come to. On the contrary, lots of south Korean words are created from sounds of English words. Wow!!

• computer : 컴퓨터 [kom pu toe]
• mouse : 마우스 [m a u s]
• monitor : 모니터 [mo ni toe]
• ice cream : 아이스크림[a i s k rim]
• elevator : 엘리베이터[el li be i teo]
• camera : 카메라[ka mae la]
• microphone, MIC : 마이크[ma i k]
• CD : 시디[si di]
• DVD : 디비디[di vi di]
• date : 데이트[de i t]
• coffee : 커피 [keo pi]
• cola : 콜라 [kol la]
• cider : 사이당 [sa i da]
• McDonald : 맥도날드[maek do nal d]
• Burger King : 버거킹[beo geo king]
• Starbucks : 스타벅스[stabeoks]
• donuts : 도너츠[do neo chu]
• pizza : 피자[pi ja]
• spaghetti : 스파게티 [spageti]
• hamburger : 햄버거 [haembeogeo]
• bagel : 베이글 [beigul]
• sandwich : 샌드위치 [saen d wi chi]
• France : 프랑스 [pu lang su]
• Paris : 파리 [Pa li]
• Sri Lanka : 쓰리랑카 [ssu li lang ka]
• India : 인도 [in do]
• Philliphine : 필리핀 [pil li pin]
• Brazil : 브라질 [Bu la jil]
• Singapore : 싱가포르 [sing ga po ru]
• Turkey : 터키[teo ki]
• Sony : 소니[so ni]
• Toyota : 도요타 [do yo ta]
• Nintendo : 닌텐도[nin ten do]

- NOTES

1. Most of countries are called in the same way with common saying.

EX> Brazil, Singapore, Turkey etc...

2. Some brands doing business and franchizing in Korea are called in the original name.

EX> Sony...

3. Foods originated not in Korea are called in the original.

EX> Pizza, Cola ....

- Conclusion

Anything invented, created or made not in Korea is being used with its original sound using all over the world.

At this point, you may have a question how you guess where words from. I would like to give an answer understanding Korean cultural things is the best way to improve your Korean. I think any other language is NEVER understood without understanding its own culture.

If you have any question, you can email to dooliya@gmail.com at your convenience.

Useful Expressions

If you walk on streets, you may want to go to bathroom. Probably, you are in emergency situation with number one or number two. Whatever!
What will you do?

If you show the korean your expressful body languages, the korean might catch your meaning. However, it's obviously efficient if you say some korean sentences. ( It's okay that you say just only one word meaning of "bathroom.")

How should you say "bathroom" in Korean? You say "화장실."[hwajangsil]
Then, how should you say "I'm in emergency" in Korean? You can say "저 급해요." [jeo guphaeyo]

I will put some korean sentences for the situation on the below.

• a bathroom = 화장실 [hwajangsil]
• I'm in emergency! = 저 급해요! [jeo guphaeyo]
• I wanna go to bathroom = 저 화장실 가고 싶어요. [jeo hwajangsil gago sipoeyo]
• Where is a bathroom? = 화장실이 어디에요? [hwajangsili eodiaeyo]

Tip> When you ask something, you should make your intonation up at the end of the question.

Dialogue>

You : 실례합니당. [sillehapnida] = Excuse me.

Ryu : 네? [ne] = huh?

You : 저 화장실 가고 싶어요. [jeo hwajangsil gago sipeoyo] = I wanna go to bathroom

저 급해요! [jeo guphaeyo] = I'm in emergency.

Ryu : 여기에 있어요. [yeokiae itseoyo] = It's here.

Voca>

1. a bathroom : 화장실 [hwajangsil]
2. be in emergency : 급해요 [guphaeyo]
3. I : 저 [jeo]
4. here : 여기[yeoki]
5. there : 저기[jeki]

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한국어 공부해요~

Let's learn Korean. ^^

Basic Words - Transportations

You've finished the basic principle of Korean language. You probably know how Korean components combine and how you should sound. In this time, I will give some words relevant to transportations.

In Korea, there are lots of transportations available.


1. Bus = 버스 [ber su]
There are many kinds of bus in Seoul. Blue, green, red buses are available.
Blue bus goes long distance only in Seoul and its number is usually three-digits. Green one goes short distance like in limited area. Red buses go from Seoul to suburb, Gyunggi Province. The red bus number is usually four-digits.

2. Taxi or yellow cab = 택시[tak si]
Basically, there are two types of taxes. One is just normal and the other one is offering a special service. The normal taxi is in white or silver and there is a blue cap on the top of the taxies. The special taxi, called "Mobum Taxi", is painted in black and has a yellow sing on the top. Compared to normal one, the Mobum taxi is much more expensive but it offers very nice service. The basic fare of the normal taxi is 1,900 won. (If you use it at over 12:00am, it requires additional charge.)

3. Subway = 지하철[ji ha choel]
I've already explained. The Seoul subway is neatly well-made.

4. Express bus = 고속버스 [go sok bu su]
the express bus is availave at Nambu terminal, the express bus terminal and Sangbong terminal. Your destination should decide which terminal you should use. It depends on your destination. The representative terminal in Seoul is the express bus terminal, located on southern Seoul, subway line No. 3 at the express bus terminal station.

5. Trains = 기차[gi cha] called "KTX"

A few years ago, the Korean adopted TGV from France to renew the Korean railroad. Now, the Korean-style TGV, called "KTX", is running over Korean penisula. You can take it at the Seoul station located on the center of Seoul around the Seoul city hall.

--------------------------------------------------------------

• 버스 [bu su] = a bus
• 택시 [tak si] = a taxi
• 지하철 [ji ha choel] = subway
• 기차 [gi cha] = a train
• 고속버스[go sok bu su] = an express bus
• 비행기[bi haeng gi] = an airplane

The Principle of Korean Characters (2)

Wow! It's the second time about the principle of Korean characters! How much did you understand? I think there are only few people reading my blogs. haha.


In this time, you will realize how korean components sound. Did you remember how many components in Korean? Exactly, there are 24 components! U SO SMART!

I will put all of components distinguished vowels and consonants. As I wrote before, there are 10 vowels and 14 consonants. First, you will get sounds from 10 vowels.

(1) Vowels

• ㅏ [a]
• ㅑ [ya]
• ㅓ [eo]
• ㅕ [yeo] -
• ㅗ [o] - Not [ou] sound. Not [au] sound.
• ㅛ [yo]
• ㅜ [wu]
• ㅠ [yu]
• ㅡ [eu] - Not easy for Western people.
• ㅣ [i] or [yi]

(2) Consonants

• ㄱ [g] or [K]
• ㄴ [n]
• ㄷ [d]
• ㄹ [l] or [r]
• ㅁ [m]
• ㅂ [b]
• ㅅ [s]
• ㅇ [ng] - soundlessness
• ㅈ [j]
• ㅊ [ch] - stronger than ㅈ sound, not a double [J] sound like Chinese or Spanish
• ㅌ [t] - stronger than ㄷ sound
• ㅋ [c] or [k] - stronger than ㄱ sound
• ㅍ [p] - stronger than ㅂ sound
• ㅎ [h] - not a German 'ch' sound. not a Chinese 'he'. Should houl your voices.

Components can be combined. The order of combination is basically

(1) one consonant + one vowel

ex> 비 = ㅂ + ㅣ

비 sounds [bi] and stands for rain. You may know a famous Korean singer whose name is 'Rain.' His name in Korean is '비'[bi].

(2) one consonant + one vowel + another consoant

ex> 공 = ㄱ + ㅗ + ㅇ

공 sounds [gong] and means 'a ball.'

(3) one consonant + one vowel + another vowel

ex> 과 and 와

과 sounds [gwa] and 와 sounds [wa]. They are conjunction to be located between two nouns.

While it is kind of 'AND' of conjunctions, the usage is a littel different. '과' and '와' should be only in nouns.

When 'ㅇ' is put on the first consonant place, it doesn't have sound. It's silent. So you can say [wa].

(4) one consonant + one vowel + another two consonants

ex> 닭

it means 'a chicken' and sounds [dak]. Originally, you may have to say [dark], but [r] sound is omitted when you speak it fast. Thus, 'ㄹ' sound on below is soundless. In some internationaly languages, perhaps, don't have the 'r' sound when 'r' comes to the first place on a word. It's kinda similar principle.

(4) Two consonants + one vowel (+ another consonant)

ex> 또한 and 오빠

또한 is sounded [ddo han] and 오빠 is sounded [obba] or [oppa]. '또한' stands for 'AND' or 'ALSO' as conjunction or adverb. It depends on where it put.

오빠 is used in the situation when young girls call their own older brother or older male acquintances. It's like "BROTHER" for women.

Two of consonants can be put. But, it's limited. Only 'ㄱ', 'ㄷ', 'ㅂ', 'ㅅ', 'ㅈ' are able to be doubled with the same component. I mean if 'ㄱ' is put twice, it should be like 'ㄲ'. Doubled consonants are pronunced in similarity of Japanese, Spanish or Italian's [k], [t], [p], [c] and [j] sounds.

Thus,

• ㄱ+ㄱ = ㄲ [gg]
• ㄷ+ㄷ = ㄸ [dd]
• ㅂ+ㅂ = ㅃ [bb] or [pp]
• ㅅ+ㅅ = ㅆ [ss]
• ㅈ+ㅈ = ㅉ [jj]

(5) Two consonants + two vowels (+ another consonant)

Ex> 뛰당

뛰당 means 'run' as a verb. Its pronunciation is [ddui da]

Two vowels have a limited usage like in two consonants. There are 'ㅐ', 'ㅔ', 'ㅚ', 'ㅙ', 'ㅟ', 'ㅞ', and ''ㅢ'[ui]. 'ㅐ' and 'ㅔ', 'ㅚ' and 'ㅙ' and 'ㅙ' are similar to pronunciate.

I will give some words. You can practice yourself. I am sorry not to give you some sound files for you.

Fill in the blanks and guess how they are sounded and can should do below.

• 안녕? [ ]?
• 배고파 [ ]
• 밥 [ ]
• 돈 [ ]
• 졸려 [ ]

The Principle of Korean Characters (1)

Have you ever seen Korean characters? If so, how did you feel? What do you think about them?
You might have felt like that Korean language is so weird that anybody except the Korean can't learn. One friend from Brazil said Asian languages including Chinese, Japanese and Korean always sound all the same like "JJING JJANG JJONG."
So far as I know, some people aware that the Korean, the Chinese and the Japanese are using the same characters and sounds or there is similarity among the three languages.

Now that I'm Korean and the purpose of my blog is pertinent to the Korean things showing, I am not going to mention about the differences of the three languages, Chinese, Japanese and Korean.


Actually, Korean language is named "Hangeul" (or Hangul) and has been made by the Great King Sejong of the Joseon(or Chosun) Dynasty in 1443. Before that time, how did Korean communicate each other? I don't know because I'm not a person from the era. ^^ As I've learned, the old Korean people used the old Chinese characters with the usage of Korean style.
In the past time, there was two social levels. It's kind of hierachical. One was Yangban centralizing the society. The other one was Cheonmin worked for Yangban. Choenmin didn't write and read anything, but Yangban did. As the hierachical systems collaped, many people felt hard and uncomfortable to use it freely. The Great King Seojong realized that and instructed the Joeson linguists to creat the useful and practical language for the Korean own. It's the origin of the Korean language, Hangeul. Because of that, there are lots of words of meanings based on the old Korean-style Chinese characters.




In any case, Korean characters are being composed of vowels and consonants; there are 10 vowels and 14 consonants. Huh? Only 24 components are making lots of meanings? Yes!
You can see the below.

• Vowels : ㅏ ㅑ ㅓ ㅕ ㅗ ㅛ ㅜ ㅠ ㅡ ㅣ
• Consonants : ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅇ ㅈ ㅊ ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅎ

They can be combined to one word. I will give you some examples for your understanding.

• 한 = ㅎ + ㅏ + ㄴ
• 글 = ㄱ + ㅡ + ㄹ
• 닭 = ㄷ+ㅏ+ㄹ+ㄱ
• 가 = ㄱ + ㅏ
• 와 = ㅇ + ㅗ+ ㅏ

Keep in mind belows when you write in Korean characters.

1. Write top-to-bottom and left-to-right.
2. Each one consonant is able to have one or two vowels.
3. After a vowel, one or two consonants can be followed.

Basically, you can easily write if you memorize those clauses.

How about the principle of Korean characters? As you may know, for Korean people, they just use it without any gramartical thinking; they would not explain specifically and gramartically. And I may not, either. Even if I may, I will make the best effort to know you Korean languages becaause I'm a nice guy. haha XD

In the next post, I will write about how Korean components are sounded.